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DoubleZero whitepaper

DoubleZero: A Next-Generation Internet Optimized for Distributed Systems

The DoubleZero whitepaper was written and published by the DoubleZero core team in 2025, in response to the growing demand in decentralized finance (DeFi) for efficient, secure, and scalable solutions, aiming to propose an innovative asset issuance and management paradigm that addresses the pain points of existing DeFi protocols.

The theme of the DoubleZero whitepaper is “DoubleZero: Decentralized Zero-Knowledge Proof Asset Protocol.” What makes DoubleZero unique is its introduction of a privacy protection mechanism based on zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) and a modular asset framework, enabling highly customizable and compliant digital asset issuance and trading. The significance of DoubleZero lies in bringing a higher level of privacy, security, and compliance to the DeFi space, with the potential to define the standard for the next generation of decentralized assets.

DoubleZero’s original intention is to build a decentralized asset ecosystem that both protects user privacy and meets regulatory requirements. The core viewpoint presented in the DoubleZero whitepaper is: by combining zero-knowledge proof technology with programmable asset modules, it is possible to strike a balance between decentralization, privacy protection, and compliance, thereby enabling broader, safer, institution-grade DeFi applications.

Interested researchers can access the original DoubleZero whitepaper. DoubleZero whitepaper link: https://doublezero.xyz/whitepaper.pdf

DoubleZero whitepaper summary

Author: Clara Prescott
Last updated: 2025-10-02 12:10
The following is a summary of the DoubleZero whitepaper, expressed in simple terms to help you quickly understand the DoubleZero whitepaper and gain a clearer understanding of DoubleZero.

What is DoubleZero

Friends, imagine our daily internet usage: data is like packages sent through a public post office (the regular internet we use). While this public post office is convenient, when there are too many packages, it gets congested, slows down, and sometimes even loses items. For “special packages” like those required by blockchains—demanding ultra-fast speed and high accuracy—the public post office simply can’t keep up.

The DoubleZero project (abbreviated as 2Z) is like a “high-speed highway” or “dedicated express lane” built specifically for blockchains and various distributed systems (such as online games or AI training that require massive data transmission). It’s not a new blockchain, but an infrastructure layer beneath existing blockchains, which we call the “N1 protocol” or “Layer-0.” Its core goal is to make data transmission on blockchains faster, more stable, and more reliable, thoroughly solving the “traffic jam” problem caused by the public internet.

Simply put, DoubleZero is a decentralized connectivity protocol designed to improve communication between blockchains and distributed systems. By building a high-performance global network, it enables data to travel directly from point A to point B, rather than passing through multiple relay stations as on the public internet.

Project Vision and Value Proposition

DoubleZero’s vision is ambitious: it aims to become the “internet backbone” of the Web3 world. The team believes that while blockchain software technology is advancing rapidly, the underlying physical network (the internet we use) has become the bottleneck limiting blockchain performance. It’s like a sports car—no matter how good the engine, if the road is poor, it can’t reach top speed.

The core problems DoubleZero seeks to solve are:

  • High latency and instability: The public internet was not originally designed to handle the time-sensitive consensus mechanisms and transaction finality required by blockchains. Transmission delays and jitter (unstable latency) severely impact blockchain efficiency.
  • Bandwidth limitations: As blockchain transaction volumes grow, the demand for network bandwidth increases, which the public internet struggles to meet.
  • Spam filtering: Blockchain networks are often flooded with spam transactions and duplicate information, forcing every validator to expend resources processing them, reducing efficiency.

DoubleZero’s value proposition is that it provides a decentralized, high-performance, programmable infrastructure, allowing crypto protocols, validators, and users to route traffic and scale services via dedicated, token-incentivized bandwidth. This is critical for latency-sensitive applications such as on-chain trading, block production, restaking, and real-time oracles.

Compared to similar projects, DoubleZero does not optimize at the blockchain software layer, but innovates at the deeper “physical network layer.” It’s not trying to replace existing blockchains, but to provide them with a faster “runway” so they can reach their full potential.

Technical Features

DoubleZero’s technology is like a “smart traffic system” custom-built for blockchain data:

  • Dedicated fiber network: It does not rely on the public internet, but aggregates idle fiber links provided by independent contributors worldwide to build a dynamic, expansive, high-performance network. Think of it as a super-network connected by countless private highways.
  • Dual-ring architecture: DoubleZero adopts a unique “dual-ring architecture.”
    • Outer ring (edge nodes): Like highway entry checkpoints, it connects to the public internet via specialized hardware (such as FPGA), filtering and verifying data to block spam and attacks. Only “clean” and “important” data can enter the highway.
    • Inner ring (data transmission): This is the main highway, transmitting pre-filtered and verified blockchain data within the decentralized fiber network, directly connecting data centers, validators, and block producers to ensure low latency and high bandwidth.
  • Exclusive routing and multicast data transmission: It provides dedicated transmission paths for data and supports multicast, meaning one piece of data can be sent to multiple recipients simultaneously, further improving efficiency.
  • On-chain transparency: Network participation, pricing, and access are managed via smart contracts, ensuring transparency and permissionless access.
  • Simple integration: Existing blockchain validators can easily integrate DoubleZero, leveraging its dedicated, low-latency network routing to boost performance.

Tokenomics

The “fuel” and “currency” of the DoubleZero network is its native utility token—2Z.

Token Basics

  • Token symbol: 2Z.
  • Issuing chain: Initially issued on the Solana blockchain, using the SPL token standard, making it compatible with decentralized applications, wallets, and validators in the Solana ecosystem. It may expand to other blockchain networks in the future.
  • Total supply and issuance mechanism: 2Z has a total supply of 10 billion tokens. New tokens are primarily generated as rewards for contributors providing computing resources—this is the only way new 2Z tokens are created.
  • Inflation/burn: For network security, the protocol burns a portion of 2Z tokens according to preset logic. To maintain long-term supply balance, the tokenomics also include controlled inflation (to reward network security) and burn mechanisms (to prevent spam).
  • Current and future circulation: The initial circulating supply is about 3.47 billion 2Z tokens.

Token Utility

2Z tokens play multiple roles in the DoubleZero ecosystem:

  • Network payments: Users must pay 2Z tokens to use DoubleZero’s high-speed connectivity services.
  • Staking:
    • Network contributor staking: Contributors providing bandwidth or computing resources must stake a certain amount of 2Z tokens to participate in network services.
    • Delegated staking: Token holders can delegate 2Z to resource providers for staking, indirectly supporting the network and sharing rewards.
  • Rewards: Contributors earn 2Z token rewards based on the performance and usage of the bandwidth they provide.
  • Governance: In the future, 2Z token holders can participate in voting on protocol parameters, such as bandwidth pricing, validator reward curves, and new cluster integrations.

Token Allocation and Unlocking Information

At project launch, 29% of tokens were allocated to the DoubleZero Foundation, with the remainder locked for contributors, team, and investors.

Team, Governance, and Funding

Core Members and Team Features

DoubleZero’s team has a strong background, composed of seasoned professionals in blockchain infrastructure:

  • Austin Federa: Co-founder, former Head of Strategy at the Solana Foundation. The bottleneck issues he encountered in the Solana network directly led to DoubleZero’s mission to solve blockchain physical layer performance problems.
  • Mateo Ward and Andrew McConnell: Co-founders from Malbec Labs, serving as core technology partners.
  • Jump Crypto’s Firedancer team: Led by Dr. Kevin Bowers, bringing critical technical validation to the project.
  • Solana co-founders: Anatoly Yakovenko and Raj Gokal are also angel investors in the project.

The team is characterized by deep blockchain infrastructure experience, especially close ties to the Solana ecosystem, giving them a profound understanding of high-performance distributed system needs.

Funding

DoubleZero has received significant financial backing:

  • The project has successfully raised $28 million, with a valuation of $400 million.
  • Major investors include Multicoin Capital, Dragonfly Capital, as well as Delphi Ventures, GSR, MH Ventures, Reciprocal Ventures, Foundation Capital, DBA, Borderless Capital, Superscrypt, Frictionless, and others.

Governance Mechanism

Although specific details of the governance mechanism are scarce in current information, 2Z token holders will be able to vote on protocol parameters in the future, indicating the project will gradually move toward decentralized governance.

Roadmap

The development history and future plans for DoubleZero are as follows:

  • End of 2024: The DoubleZero Foundation announced the protocol, positioning it as infrastructure rather than a blockchain platform.
  • December 2024: Austin Federa left the Solana Foundation to establish the DoubleZero protocol.
  • March 2025: Completed a $28 million token fundraising round, with a $400 million valuation.
  • April 2025: Conducted validator token sales, offering token purchase agreements to qualified investors and active validators from high-throughput blockchain networks such as Solana, Celestia, Sui, Aptos, and Avalanche.
  • End of September 2025: Received a “no-action letter” from the US SEC, confirming that the 2Z token is not a security. This brings important regulatory clarity to the project.
  • October 2025: Mainnet-Beta launch. This marks the transition from testnet to production-grade environment, supporting validator staking and native token utility.
  • Second half of 2025: Plans to launch the public mainnet.

Common Risk Reminders

Any emerging blockchain project comes with risks, and DoubleZero is no exception. When learning about this project, pay attention to the following:

  • Technical and security risks:
    • Network complexity: Building and maintaining a global decentralized fiber network is an extremely complex engineering challenge, potentially facing technical hurdles and vulnerabilities.
    • Hardware dependency: The project relies on contributors providing fiber links and specialized hardware, whose stability and security are crucial.
    • Attack risks: Despite filtering mechanisms, the network may still face various attacks, such as DDoS.
  • Economic risks:
    • Token price volatility: As a crypto asset, the price of 2Z tokens is subject to market supply and demand, macroeconomics, regulatory policies, and other factors, resulting in high volatility.
    • Incentive mechanism: The network’s long-term success depends on effective incentives to attract and retain bandwidth contributors. If incentives are insufficient or the model fails, it may affect network expansion and performance.
    • Competition: Although DoubleZero’s positioning is unique, it may face competition from other projects aiming to solve blockchain infrastructure bottlenecks in the future.
  • Compliance and operational risks:
    • Regulatory uncertainty: Despite receiving a SEC “no-action letter,” the global crypto regulatory environment is constantly evolving, and future policy changes may impact project operations.
    • Degree of decentralization: The network’s level of decentralization and the effectiveness of its governance mechanism will affect its long-term stability and censorship resistance.

Verification Checklist

To gain deeper insight into the DoubleZero project, you can refer to the following information:

  • Block explorer contract address: Look up the 2Z token’s contract address on Solana to verify its circulation, transaction history, and other details.
  • GitHub activity: Check the Malbec Labs and DoubleZero Foundation GitHub repositories to assess code development progress and community contributions.
  • Official whitepaper and documentation: Read DoubleZero’s official whitepaper and technical documentation for the most detailed project information.
  • Official website and social media: Follow the project’s official website and social media channels for the latest updates and announcements.
  • Audit reports: Check whether the project has third-party security audit reports to assess its smart contract and network security.

Project Summary

Friends, in summary, DoubleZero (2Z) is a very interesting and promising project. Instead of trying to create a new blockchain, it focuses on solving a core bottleneck faced by existing blockchains—efficiency of underlying network communication. By building a decentralized, high-performance dedicated network, it’s like laying a “superhighway” for blockchain data, aiming to greatly improve blockchain speed, stability, and scalability.

The team has a strong background, is favored by well-known investment institutions, and has made regulatory progress (SEC “no-action letter”). As the network’s “fuel,” the 2Z token incentivizes contributors to build and maintain the network through payment, staking, and reward mechanisms.

However, like any cutting-edge technology, DoubleZero faces risks in technical implementation, market competition, and regulatory changes. Its success will depend on whether it can effectively scale its physical network, continuously attract contributors, and ultimately be adopted by a broader blockchain ecosystem.

This project brings new ideas to blockchain infrastructure and is worth ongoing attention. But remember, this is just a project introduction and does not constitute investment advice. The cryptocurrency market is highly volatile; investing carries risks. Please be sure to make decisions only after thorough research and understanding of the risks.

Disclaimer: The above interpretations are the author's personal opinions. Please verify the accuracy of all information independently. These interpretations do not represent the platform's views and are not intended as investment advice. For more details about the project, please refer to its whitepaper.

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